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Post-spin Stretch Improves Mechanical Properties, Reduces Necking, and Reverts Effects of Aging in Biomimetic Artificial Spider Silk Fibers

Gabriele Greco, Benjamin Schmuck, Fredrik G. Bäcklund, Günter Reiter and Anna Rising. ACS Applied Polymer Materials, published online

reiter-2024-05.jpgRecent biotechnological advancements in protein production and development of biomimetic spinning procedures make artificial spider silk a promising alternative to petroleum-based fibers. To enhance the competitiveness of artificial silk in terms of mechanical properties, refining the spinning techniques is imperative. One potential strategy involves the integration of post-spin stretching, known to improve fiber strength and stiffness while potentially offering additional advantages. Here, we demonstrate that post-spin stretching not only enhances the mechanical properties of artificial silk fibers but also restores a higher and more uniform alignment of the protein chains, leading to a higher fiber toughness. (more...)


Mechanistically Different Mechanochromophores Enable Calibration and Validation of Molecular Forces in Glassy Polymers and Elastomeric Networks

Raphael Hertel, Maximilian Raisch, Michael Walter, Günter Reiter, Michael Sommer. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2024, e202409369

sommer.jpgSterically distorted donor-acceptor p‑systems, termed DA springs, can be progressively planarized under mechanical load causing a bathochromic shift of the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum. By combining theory and experiment, we here use a simple linear force calibration for two different conformational mechanochromophores to determine molecular forces in polymers from the mechanochromic shift in PL wavelength during multiple uniaxial tensile tests. Two systems are used, i) a highly entangled linear glassy polyphenylene and ii) a covalent elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane network. The mean forces estimated by this method are validated using known threshold forces for the mechanochemical ring-opening reactions of two different spiropyran force probes. The agreement between both approaches underlines that these DA springs provide the unique opportunity for the online monitoring of local molecular forces present in diverse polymer matrices.(more...)


"Printing" on Polymer Single Crystals through Microregional Heating

Tianyu Wu, Haimu Ye, Xinyi Pan, Yaning He, Jun Xu, Günter Reiter. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 2024, 6, 14, 7969–7977

tianyu.jpgPolymer single crystals are composed of well-ordered polymer chains and possess a characteristic symmetric shape. If one can precisely control the microregional morphology, polymer single crystals have the potential to be used as functional templates for applications like information storage or cell culture. However, with current experimental approaches, it is rather difficult to generate predictable structures of defined size within polymer single crystals. Here, we propose a research strategy based on a combination of fluorescence labeling and microregional heating by irradiation with focused red light. This approach enabled us to locally heat single crystals while simultaneously following the thereby induced changes via fluorescence imaging with a micrometer lateral resolution. We found that polymers diffused out of the heated region within a stacked single crystal and thereby produced a hole at the irradiated location. (more...)


Mechanism for the Formation of Millimeter-Long Solid Filaments by Spin Coating Dilute Solutions of a Crystallizable Polymer

Da Huang, Thorsten Hugel, and Günter Reiter. Macromolecules 2024, 57, 3696–3705

huang.jpgWe have investigated the formation of millimeter-long filaments induced by spin-coating ca. 130 °C dilute para-xylene solutions of rapidly crystallizable polyethylene chains with a contour length in the micrometer range onto ca. 80 °C mica substrates. These filaments were radially oriented and accumulated on the periphery of the substrate. Our observations can be explained by the stretching of polymers through the flow field induced by spinning the solution on a solid substrate. The corresponding loss in conformational entropy emphasized attractive interactions between polymers, which resulted in the formation of bundles and their assembly into long filaments. Caused by a Plateau–Rayleigh-type instability of a liquid coating on a solid filament and due to crystallization, these filaments were decorated with various small-scale structures. (more...)


 

Liste der Veröffentlichungen

Morphological changes during annealing of polyethylene nanocrystals
Nandita Basu, Anna Osichow, Stefan Mecking, Günter Reiter. EPJE 35,18 (2012)
Anisotropic Charge Transport in Spherulitic Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Films
Edward J. W. Crossland, Kim Tremel, Florian Fischer, Khosrow Rahimi, Günter Reiter, Ullrich Steiner, and Sabine Ludwigs. Adv. Mater. 24, 839–844 (2012)
Molecular dynamics and biaxiality of nematic polymers and elastomers
Felicitas Brömmel, Werner Stille, Heino Finkelmann, Anke Hoffmann. Soft Matter 7, 2387-2401 (2011)
Non-equilibrium behavior of thin polymer films
Katherine R. Thomas, Alexis Chenneviere, Günter Reiter and Ullrich Steiner. Phys. Rev. E 83, 021804 (2011)
Depression of the Zero Growth Temperature by Counits Observed for s-Polypropylene in Light Attenuation Experiments
Ralf Delto, Werner Stille, Gert Strobl. Macromolecules 43, 1035-1040 (2010)
Conductance fluctuations in metal-nanoparticle-metal junctions
L. V. Govor, G. H. Bauer, G. Reiter, and J. Parisi. Phys. Rev. B 82, 155437 (2010)
Aging of thin polymer films cast from a near-theta solvent
Adam Raegen, Mithun Chowdhury, Christophe Calers, Alexander Schmatulla, Ullrich Steiner, and Günter Reiter. Phys. Rev. Letters 105, 227801 (2010)
Spreading of Liquids on Substrates
Günter Reiter. In Handbook of Adhesion Technology. Eds. Lucas Filipe Martins da Silva, Andreas Öchsner, Robert Adams. Springer 2011
Systematic Control of Nucleation Density in Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Thin Films
Edward J. W. Crossland, Khosrow Rahimi, Günter Reiter, Ullrich Steiner, and Sabine Ludwigs. Advanced Functional Materials 21, 518–524 (2011)
Possible origin of thickness-dependent deviations from bulk properties of thin polymer films
Günter Reiter, Simone Napolitano. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 48, 2544-2547 (2010)
Surface-induced breakout crystallization in cylinderforming P(I-b-EO) diblock copolymer thin films
C.M. Papadakis, C. Darko, Z. Di, K. Troll, E. Metwalli, A. Timmann, G. Reiter, and S. Förster. European Physical Journal E 34, 7 (2011)
Topographically induced self-deformation of the nuclei of cells: dependence on cell type and proposed mechanisms
Patricia M. Davidson, Olivia Fromigue, Pierre J. Marie, Vasif Hasirci, Günter Reiter, Karine Anselme. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 21, 939-946 (2010)
Accelerating Dewetting on Deformable Substrates by Adding a Liquid Underlayer
Lin Xu, Günter Reiter, Tongfei Shi and Lijia An. Langmuir 26, 7270–7276 (2010)
高分子の物理―構造と物性を理解するために (単行本)
G.R. ストローブル (著), Gert R. Strobl (原著), 深尾 浩次 (翻訳), 宮地 英紀 (翻訳), 宮本 嘉久 (翻訳), 林 久夫 (翻訳). 出版社: シュプリンガー・フェアラーク東京 (1998/2010) ISBN 978-4431707950
Two Competing Crystallization Modes in a Smectogenic Polyester
Barbara Heck, Ernesto Perez and Gert Strobl. Macromolecules 43, 4172-4183 (2010)
Oriented crystallization of isotactic polystyrene in films prepared by friction transfer
K. Jradi, S. Bistac, M. Schmitt, G. Reiter. Polymer 50, 3724-3729 (2009)
Enhancing nucleation and controlling crystal orientation by rubbing/scratching the surface of a thin polymer film
K. Jradi, S. Bistac, M. Schmitt, A. Schmatulla, G. Reiter. Eur. Phys. J. E 29, 383-389 (2009)
Microstructured Surfaces Cause Severe but Non-Detrimental Deformation of the Cell Nucleus
Patricia M. Davidson, Hayriye Ozcelik, Vasif Hasirci, Guenter Reiter, Karine Anselme. Advanced Materials 21, 3586 (2009)
On the mechanics of rim instabilities in viscoelastic polymer thin films
S. Gabriele, S. Coppee, G. Reiter, P. Damman. Eur. Phys. J.-Special Topics 166, 55-61 (2009)
Crystallization in diblock copolymer thin films at different degrees of supercooling
C. Darko, I. Botiz, G. Reiter, D.W. Breiby, J.W. Andreasen, S. V. Roth, D.-M. Smilgies, E. Metwalli, C.M. Papadakis. Phys. Rev. E 79, 041802 (2009)
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