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Neueste Veröffentlichungen
Temperature dependence of crystal – melt coexistence for supported polyethylene filaments
Da Huang, Thorsten Hugel, Bizan N. Balzer, Günter Reiter. Nature Communications 16 (2025) 11127
The broken symmetry of molecular interactions at interfaces is causing that crystals are often covered by a thin liquid layer of their own melt. Such crystal–melt coexistence can be related to phenomena of surface premelting, secondary nucleation and melting point depression, particularly important for small systems. Here, we employed intermittent-contact mode atomic force microscopy imaging on nanoscopic semi-cylindrical filaments of polyethylene on a substrate to observe that these filaments contained a crystalline core bounded by molten regions of rather uniform width, W_soft= (9 ± 2) nm at room temperature, which increased reversibly with temperature T. Filaments smaller than ca. 2∙W_soft (T) were completely molten. The values of W_soft (T) compared favorably with theoretically predicted characteristic length scales in the context of nucleation, surface premelting and the melting point depression of finite size crystals. Altogether, we show that these three phenomena are related and dominated by the intermolecular forces acting at crystal surfaces.
Crystallization of Layers of Strongly Adsorbed Poly(ethylene terephthalate) on Silicon Substrates
Liang Chen, Zhihang Bian, Xiaonan Li, Zhenwei Jiang, Jianquan Xu, Decai Lin, Guenter Reiter, Jichun You, Xinping Wang. Macromolecules 58 (2025) 12222–12230
We examined the crystallization behavior of ultrathin layers of strongly adsorbed poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) chains on silicon substrates, yielding a characteristic morphology of uniquely curved dendritic polymer crystals. The observed curvature resulted from bent edge-on lamellar crystals from which terraced flat-on branched lamellar crystals grew essentially from the convex outer side. The degree of bending increased with decreasing crystallization temperature and increasing strength of polymer/substrate interactions. We propose that unbalanced stresses acting on the fold surfaces of PET lamellar crystals, probably induced by strong interactions with the substrate, were responsible for the observed curvature of the lamellar crystals. (more...)
Crystallization and Melting of Polyethylene Strongly Cross-linked in the Molten State
Jingqing Li, Weihua Wang, Yunxiang Shi, Barbara Heck, Chuanfu Luo, Jesper de Claville Christiansen, Donghong Yu, Günter Reiter, Shichun Jiang. Soft Matter 21 (2025) 6422
We examined the crystallization and melting behavior of highly cross-linked polyethylene (xPE) samples, including structural characterization of the resulting crystalline domains. Using γ-ray irradiation, cross-linking was performed in the molten state and not in the solid state. This approach assured a statistical and homogeneous distribution of the cross-link points. Upon increasing the radiation dose, the molecular weight of the strands connecting the cross-link points reached values even lower than that of the strands between physical entanglements. (more...)
Liste der Veröffentlichungen
- Steps in the formation of the partially crystalline state
- Barbara Heck, Thosten Hugel, Masanori Iijima, Gert Strobl. Polymer 41, 8839-8848 (2000)
- Polymer Studies
- G. Reiter. Chapter 10 in Lecture Notes in Physics No. 58, X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications, Eds. J. Daillant, A. Gibaud , 1999
- Morphological Pathways of Pattern Evolution and Dewetting in Thin Liquid Films
- A. Sharma, R. Khanna, R. Konnur, G. Reiter. K.L. Mittal, ed., VSP Publishers, Utrecht (1999)
- Nanometer-scale Surface Patterns with Long Range Order Created by Crystallisation of Diblock Copolymers
- G. Reiter, G. Castelein, P. Hoerner, G. Riess, A. Blumen, J.-U. Sommer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 3844-3847 (1999)
- A Thin Film Analog of the Corneal Mucus Layer of the Tear Film: An Enigmatic Long Range Non-Classical DLVO Interaction in the Breakup of Thin Polymer Films
- A. Sharma, R. Khanna, G. Reiter. Colloids & Surfaces B 14, 223-235 (1999)
- The Strength of Long-Range Forces Across Thin Liquid Films
- G. Reiter, A. Sharma, R. Khanna, A. Casoli, M.O. David. J. Coll. Interf. Sci. 214, 126 (1999)
- Destabilising Effect of Long Range Forces in Thin Liquid Films on Wettable Substrates
- G. Reiter, A. Sharma, A. Casoli, M.-O. David, R. Khanna, P. Auroy. Europhys. Lett. 46, 512 (1999)
- Thin Film Instability Induced by Long Range Forces
- G. Reiter, A. Sharma, A. Casoli, M.O. David, R. Khanna, P. Auroy. Langmuir 15, 2551-2558 (1999)
- Network stretching, slip processes, and fragmentation of crystallites during uniaxial drawing of polyethylene and related copolymers. A comparative study
- R. Hiss, S. Hobeika, C. Lynn, G. Strobl. Macromolecules 32, 4390-4403 (1999)
- Reversible surface melting of PE and PEO crystallites indicated by TMDSC
- W.B. Hu, T. Albrecht, G. Strobl. Macromolecules 32, 7548-7554 (1999)
- A general scheme derived from video-controlled stretching tests and WAXS for describing tensile deformations of polyethylenes
- R. Hiss, S. Hobeika, C. Lynn, G. Strobl. Journal of Macromolecular Science - Physics B38, 847-858 (1999)
- Steps in the transition of an entangled polymer melt to the partially crystalline state
- B. Heck, T. Hugel, M. Iijima, E. Sadiku, G. Strobl. New Journal of Physics 1, 17 (1999).
- Building lamellae from blocks: The pathway followed in the formation of crystallites of syndiotactic polypropylene
- T. Hugel, G. Strobl, R. Thomann. Acta Polymerica, 50, 214 (1999)
- Adhesion Failure and Dewetting of Thin Liquid Films
- A. Sharma, R. Khanna and G. Reiter. Festschrift on Adhesion Science and Technology, p. 199-237, W.J. van Ooij and H.R. Anderson, eds., VSP Publishers, Utrecht (1998)
- Détermination de forces intermoléculaires par microscopie optique: effet de connecteurs polymères
- A.Casoli, G.Reiter, M.Brendlé, J. Schultz. Ouvrage des actes “Imagerie des Polymères” (Colloque international francophone, Nancy, Février 1998, (Apollor)
- Self-assembly of Crystallisable Diblock Copolymers
- G. Reiter, P. Hoerner, G. Hurtrez, G. Riess, J.-U. Sommer, J.-F. Joanny. J. Surf. Sci. Tech. 14 , 93-103 (1998)
- Role of Intermolecular Interactions in Pattern Formation in Unstable Thin Films
- A. Sharma, G. Reiter. Metals Materials and Processes 10, 287-302 (1998)
- The artistic side of intermolecular forces
- G. Reiter. Science 282, 888-889 (1998)
- Structure and dynamics of structure formation in model triarm star block copolymers of polystyrene, poly(ethylene oxide), and poly(epsilon-caprolactone)
- G. Floudas, G. Reiter, O. Lambert, P. Dumas. Macromolecules 31, 7279-7290 (1998)
- Crystallisation of Adsorbed Polymer Monolayers
- G. Reiter, J.-U. Sommer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3771 (1998)